CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

1.1 Background of the Study

Secondary schools offering social studies face enormous challenges. Teachers get frustrated because there are a few or unavailable facilities to teach and carry out practical’s. When this happens the products are found wanting when sent to the job market because they have not fully and confidently grasped the course content and course work effectively. Lack of facilities has really been a major problem and students have to buy most of these items by themselves. These problems have made social studies in the secondary school very expensive, (Flock 1974). Confirming the neglect of vocational and Technical Education by the government, Anyakoha (2005) said, lack of modern equipment has also been a major problem as students read more about sophiscatedequipment and have no opportunity of exploring such equipment for a first-hand information but resort to pictures in books. Anyakoha, (2007), again complained that due to the combination of other courses, work in the social studies has become tedious, such that it is difficult to plan field trips, visits to industries, institutions and organizations where these equipment can be found to aid learning and facilitate class room work. Due to lack of funds and aid from government and donor agencies to help build more practice houses, modern equipped food laboratories, textiles and sewing rooms, spacious demonstration centres and lecture halls, students and lecturers are clung to the old laboratories and the out dated facilities. Library facilities are poor, books are lacking and the few books found are too old, and this makes research and learning very different on the part of the student. From the ongoing it will be seen that social studiesEducation has not been given its pride of place as other professions in the march toward our national transformation. We are living in a world where science and technology have become an integral part of the world’s culture. With the increasing rate of unemployment in Nigeria, an effective training in the major areas of Home Economics will ensure functional and productive life for individuals towards national development. The research seek to investigate the challenges of Availability of teachers and teaching facilities for effective teaching and learning of social studiesin junior secondary school in Awe (a case study of Awe L.G.A)

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Social studiesis a skill oriented field of study that is expected to equip learners with survival skills that make for self-reliance, employment and paid employment. Occupational skills are best understood as competency on resourceful skills capable of steering an individual to be self-reliant, independent and productive in meeting lives challenges. Creese, A. (1976) said occupational skills are life survival skills which an individual needs to function effectively and face the challenges of life. Thus social studiescould play a significant role in achieving the goals of the National Economic and Development strategy (NEEDS). These goals include wealth creation, employment generation, and reduction of poverty, elimination of corruption and the general reorientation of values. In spite of these laudable qualities of social studiesas a skill, there are series of challenges which impede its growth to be one of the pathways to national transformation. Some of these challenges include, Federal Government’s lukewarm attitude towards vocational and technical education programmes generally in Nigerian. The problem confronting this research therefore is to investigate Availability of teaching facilities for effective teaching and learning of social studiesin junior secondary school in Awe (a case study of Awe L.G.A)

1.3 Objective of the Study

1 To determine the effect of visual aid on effective teaching of social studies

2 To determine the effect audio facilities on effective teaching of social studies

3 To determine the effect of ICT facilities on effective teaching of social studies

1.4 Research Questions

1 what is the effect of visual aid on effective teaching of social studies

2 what is theeffect audio facilities on effective teaching of social studies

3 what is theeffect of ICT facilities on effective teaching of social studies

1.5 Significance of the Study

The research proffers a study framework for the formulation and implementation of policy for addressing challenges of the availability of teaching facilities for the effective Teaching of social studies in junior secondary schools.

It also serves as a source of information for students, Teachers and social studies Experts.

1.6 Hypothesis

There is no significant effect of visual aid facilitieson effective teaching of social studies
There is no significant effect ofICT facilitieson effective teaching of social studies
There is no significant effect ofaudio facilitieson effective teaching of social studies
1.7 Scope of the Study

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